Titles on Glass--Painting titles on glass and shooting the scene through the glass, enabling the titles to appear on the video.
Titles on Cardboard, Paper, or other Opaque Media --Painting titles on opaque media and recording the pages on videotape and inserting or assembling the title between scenes, previously shot, during the editing process.
Electronic or Computer Titling --Creating titles on a Character Generator or Computer and either superimposing them over the video (electronically) as in the glass process, or inserting the titles between scenes. Examples of electronic titlers include products from Videonics - Focus Enhancements, and Sima.
NOTE: Some Camcorders have a limited ability to generate and superimpose titles over video during the shooting process.
Video Mixers:
The primary function of a Video Mixer is to enable one to perform transitions in the A/B Roll editing process. Transitions such as cuts, wipes, dissolves, chromakey, and other effects can only be performed using such a device. Video Mixers are available from Videonics, Sima, and Datavideo.
Edit Controllers:
Edit Contollers are devices that control all the mechanical processes in a Linear Editing configuration. Edit controllers perform their function by communicating with Camcorders and VCRs via an Edit Protocol and to the Titlers, Mixers, and other devices via a GPI Trigger (a simple on/off command switch that can be programmed in specific sequences).
Some Edit controllers edit only one event (scene) at a time. Other Edit controllers can be programmed to perform a series of edit functions, with some able to edit an entire production from begining-to-end including executing all Titles and Transitions by triggering the appropriate equipment. However, the user must still program each command individually at the beginning, before executing the process itself. Once again, Videonics, and Datavideo carry a variety of Edit Controllers.
Types of Edit Protocols (Consumer Level) --
Control L (LANC) -- Two way communication protocol in which the Camcorder(s) are used as the playback deck and a Sony HI8, SVHS, or MiniDV VCR is used as the Record Deck. Sony, Canon, Yashica, Nikon, snd Ricoh camcorders use this Protocol. Also, several edit conrollers also use this protocol.
Control M (Panasonic 5-Pin) -- Two way communication protocol in which either Camcorders or VCR's can be used as either the playback or record decks. This Portocol is exclusive to the Panasonic AG product line.
IR Control -- One way communication protocol in which the controller communicates with either a VCR or Camcorder via IR remote control. Most controllers of this type can only perform one edit at a time is not normally usable in an A/B Roll edit setup.
JVC RA Edit--Two way communication protocol in which a controller communicates with either a playback VCR or Camcorder connected to a record VCR. The controller may be built-in to the camcorder or VCR, eliminating the need for an external controller. This protocol is exclusive only to certain models of JVC Camcorders and VCRS, and is not compatible with other brands.
JLIP (Joint Level Interface Protocol) -- A communication protocol developed by JVC. A sort of updated version of RA Edit, this protocol enables JVC-equipped camcorders and VCR's to be controlled using a PC (through the Serial Port) as the Edit controller.
GPI Trigger -- One way communication protocol in which the controller tells or "triggers" a Video Mixer or Title Generator to perform a previously programmed function such as a transition, effect, or title.
SOUND EDITING
There are two types of Sound Editing:
Sound Mixing -- This can be done in either the original shooting process or in editing. Two or more sound sources can be connected to a sound mixer and then inputted into a camcorder's external mike jack (note: not all camcorders haved an external mike jack).
Two or more sound sources can be connected to a sound mixer, then inputted into the record VCR's audio input jack(s). This enables the sound to be altered or added to during the editing process.
Audio Dubbing -- This is the technique of adding audio to footage that is already edited together or previously shot. The audio is added to the video tape without altering the previously recorded video and, in some cases, without altering the previously recorded audio.
In order to do either of these processes, the VCR must have an Audio Dub function already built-in. In addition, in order to audio dub without affecting the previously recorded audio, the recording VCR must be a HiFi Stereo VCR with a built-in Audio Dub function.
Audio Dubbing is usually activated by placing the VCR in the Play/Pause mode, then pressing the Audio Dub function, then letting the VCR play the video while it records the audio.
Note: Audio Dubbing on HIFI consumer VCR's only allows for a Monural Audio Dub - useful for narration or effects.
Proceed To Page 3 - Non-Linear Editing
